Before the French Revolution, the municipality of Paris was headed by the provost of the merchants (prévôt des marchands). On 14 July 1789, at the end of the afternoon, following the storming of the Bastille, the provost of the merchants of Paris, Jacques de Flesselles, was shot by the crowd on the steps of Paris city hall. The next day, the first mayor of Paris (French: maire de Paris) was elected.
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1848—overthrow of Louis-Philippe
1870—overthrow of Napoleon III